• The military pact will come into effect once India and Russia complete the exchange of their ratification instruments.

• What? Signs RELOS agreement with India
• Signed by:Russia President Vladimir Putin
• RELOS Agreement: Establishes framework for the movement and deployment of military formations
• Areas covered: Docking of warships, use of airspace, airfield infrastructure
• Regulation: Regulated dispatch of troops, warships, military aircrafts
• Implementation: Effective after exchange of ratification instruments between India and Russia 

About Reciprocal Exchange of Logistics Support (RELOS) pact:
RELOS Clearance: The RELOS was ratified by the State Duma, Russia’s lower house of parliament, on December 2, 2025, followed by approval from the Federation Council, Russia’s upper house, on December 8, 2025.
Framework: The RELOS agreement establishes a framework for the movement and deployment of military formations, the docking of warships in each other’s ports, and the use of airspace and airfield infrastructure by military aircrafts from both nations.

• It is intended to be applied during joint military exercises and training activities, as well as in situations involving humanitarian assistance and disaster relief operations.

Regulation: The agreement regulates the dispatch of troops, warships, and military aircraft, as well as the provision of their mutual logistical support.
Significance: Strengthens the strategic military partnership between India and Russia while enhancing mutual defence readiness and operational interoperability.
About Russia:
President – Vladimir Putin
Prime Minister (PM) – Mikhail Mishustin
Capital – Moscow
Currency – Russian Ruble (RUB)